Everything about The Hupa totally explained
The
Hupa (also spelled
Hoopa;
Hupa:
Natinixwe) are an
Athabaskan tribe that inhabit northwestern
California.
History
Hupa are
Native North Americans whose language belongs to the
Athabaskan language family. Hupa tradition suggests that they lived in the
Hoopa valley for over 4,000 years, but their language suggests that they're relatively recent immigrants from what is now
western Canada.
In the 19th century, they occupied the South Fork of the
Trinity River to the Hoopa valley to the
Klamath River in California. Their
red cedar-planked houses, dugout
canoes, basket hats, and many elements in their
mythology identify them with the
Northwest Coast culture, of which they're the southernmost representatives; however, some of their customs (the use of a sweat house for ceremonies and the manufacture of acorn bread) are not characteristic of that culture area.
In 1864, the
United States government signed a treaty that recognized the Hupa tribe's sovereignty to their land. The
United States called the reservation the
Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation, where the Hupa now reside next to the territory of their neighbors, the
Yurok at the connection of the Klamath and Trinity Rivers in northeastern
Humboldt County. The reservation has a land area of 365.413 km² (141.087 sq mi) and a resident population of 2,633 persons in the
2000 census.
Culture
The Hupa's clothing was made from various materials such as animal skins and bark skirts. They made their homes from redwood and cedar. Their houses looked like
longhouses.
Population
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most
native groups in California have varied substantially.
Alfred L. Kroeber thought that the 1770 population of the Hupa was 1,000 and that the
Chilula and Whilkut accounted for another 1,000. Kroeber estimated the population of the Hupa in 1910 as 500. In 1943,
Sherburne F. Cook proposed an aboriginal population of 1,000 for the Hupa and 600 for the Chilula. He subsequently suggested a population for the Hupa alone of 29,000. William J. Wallace felt that the latter estimate was "much too high", and allowed 1,000 for the Hupa, 500-600 for the Chilula, and 500 for the Whilkut.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Hupa'.
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